What is Birth Control?

Birth control refers to methods used to prevent pregnancy during sexual intercourse. Birth control methods vary in effectiveness, side effects, and usage, making it crucial for individuals to understand their options.

Hormonal Methods

Birth Control Pills: Taken daily, they contain hormones that stop ovulation. Effectiveness is about 91% with typical use (Planned Parenthood, 2021).

Birth Control Patch: A patch worn on the skin that releases hormones. It is changed weekly and has similar effectiveness to pills.

Hormonal IUD: A small device inserted into the uterus that releases hormones. It can last for several years and is over 99% effective (American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2020).

Barrier Methods

Condoms: Male condoms are worn on the penis, and female condoms are inserted into the vagina. They also protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Diaphragm: A dome-shaped cup inserted into the vagina before intercourse. It must be used with spermicide and has a typical effectiveness of 88% (Guttmacher Institute, 2021).

Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs):

Copper IUD: A non-hormonal device that can last up to 10 years and is over 99% effective.

Implant: A small rod inserted under the skin of the arm that releases hormones. It is effective for up to 3 years.

Vasectomy: A surgical procedure for men that involves cutting the vas deferens.

Permanent Methods:

Tubal Ligation: A surgical procedure for women that involves blocking the fallopian tubes.

Factors to Consider

·   When choosing a birth control method, teens should consider:

  • Effectiveness: How well the method prevents pregnancy.

  • Convenience: How easy the method is to use.

  • Side Effects: Possible health risks or changes to the body.

  • Protection Against STIs: Only condoms offer protection against STIs.

References

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). Contraception. Retrieved from https://www.acog.org

American School Counselor Association. (2021). School Counseling Standards. American School Counselor Association. Retrieved from https://www.schoolcounselor.org

Guttmacher Institute. (2021). Contraceptive Use in the United States. Retrieved from https://www.guttmacher.org

Planned Parenthood. (2021). Birth Control Methods. Retrieved from https://www.plannedparenthood.org